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Q'This sheet calculates the suspension stiffness for several types of Citron)'The final columns use the spring stiffness to derive an eigenfrequency for the entire car (front and rear independently). This provides a qualitative description of the suspension based upon some extreme simplifications. Please note that in reality suspension behaviour is much more complex.'This method views the car as a two lumps of mass suspended by two springs. For a more comprehensive view of the car's behaviour one should also look at the mass of the unsprung parts and the damping.'Moelleux= 'Soft'H1'Hydractive 1 'Ferme= 'Hard'H2'Hydractive 2'Hydropneumatic cylinder '1 at =/` @atpz@<<@123>>CONVERT( 'pascal'diameter_front,'mm'50 bar ~HY@?d 'N/m2 'diameter_rear F 'mm =pO@? N 'N/cm2  / 'Suspension travel all 120mm at the wheels   ^Pressure at rest 'V_static 'V_static 'total V_static 'Force 'Spring Constant 'Eigen Frequency "'Eigen Frequency  @??; 'membrane size. this is a bit of a gamble. use at will 'Max suspension 'remaining 'resulting pressure 'at rest 'at max travel 'Force difference 'Eq K 'using Eqv K "'using Eqv K 'system 'center 'mass 'arm 'cyl A 833333? 'Moelleux 'Ferme 'travel [mm] 'volume  'Moelleux 'Ferme 'Moelleux 'Ferme 'Moelleux 'Ferme 'Moelleux 'Ferme 'Moelleux 'Ferme 'Moelleux 'Ferme "'Molleux #'Ferme 'spheres 'cm3 'bar 'cm3 'bar'kg'f 'cm2  ^bar  'cm3  'cm3  'cm3  'cm3 'cm3 'cm3'travel [mm] '[cm3] '[cm3] '[cm3] 'bar 'bar'N'N'N'N'N 'N/mm 'N/mm 'rad/sec  'rad/sec"'Hz#'Hz^Xm V6 1991 H1 'front d@?d ]ɘ@? ? h/H@?& 7 kl@??(\@? @?? # ܅@? ??  @?? # 81N!@? ??  @? ? ܅@?  ??*6!v@??&@B6@??(TPL+c@??#@??? #0H"@??? !H @?(\@#d_| @??? #{!> @??? Zu @??Α: @??$>q}@???$h@??? `w.???%.@?L?#% x]*/@?L?# !;M?? ?"НID??&#O?? & $;M??#?" 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XW @??$^0@???%O`2@?L?#"o??&'Cx W-distribution:hfffff?'Hydropneumatic cylinder/'Suspension travel all 120mm at the wheels'diameter_front,'mm ^Pressure at rest 'V_static 'V_static'total V_static 'Force'Spring Constant'Eigen Frequency"'Eigen Frequency'diameter_rearF'mm; 'membrane size. this is a bit of a gamble. use at will'Max suspension'remaining'resulting pressure 'at rest'at max travel'Force difference 'Eq K'using Eqv K"'using Eqv K 'center 'mass 'arm 'cyl A 833333?'Moelleux 'Ferme'travel [mm] 'volume 'Moelleux 'Ferme'Moelleux 'Ferme'Moelleux 'Ferme'Moelleux 'Ferme'Moelleux 'Ferme'Moelleux  'Ferme "'Molleux #'Ferme 'spheres 'cm3 'bar 'cm3 'bar'kg'f 'cm2  ^bar  'cm3  'cm3  'cm3  'cm3 'cm3 'cm3'travel [mm] '[cm3] '[cm3] '[cm3] 'bar 'bar'N'N'N'N'N 'N/mm 'N/mm 'rad/sec  'rad/sec"'Hz#'Hz^Xm with Cx spheres 'front ]ɘ@?h/H@?& 7 kl@??(\@? @?? # xe䶧@? ??  @?? # 81N!@? ??  +{Ƅ@? ? xe䶧@?  k(??@?*6!v@??&@0, @??(':n2@??#Hn7.@??? #\@??? !H @?(\@#Iܺ @??? #xiO @??? V @??,sG @??$'@???$ttj?@??? `???%etă@?L?#% ذ@?L?# !`WU c)?? ?"c~ŧ??&# a+?? & $`WU c)??#?" 'rear P d@6@?0!d#@?& 7 nWL@??(\@? @?? # hNSҮ@? ??  @?? # WtC@? ??  $ N@? ? hNSҮ@?  NN??#@???*0!d#@??&@࿧ Ҧ@??P(>@??#3*2@??? #(Ѿ@??? !pÛ @?(\@#ӭ @??? # c @??? `L @??P,&ƪ @??$VL@???$xbS~ @??? V???%Q@?L?#% }@?L?# !`v?? ?"STD??&#l?? & $`v??#?"^Xm non Hydractive 'front]ɘ@?h/H@?& 7 kl@??(\@? @?? # _@? ?? _@? #@???*6!v@??&@0P{@??#kg@??? !H @?(\@#xF* @??? Q @??$Hxw@???%h|B@?L?#"X??& 'rear Z@6@?@?0!d#@?& 7 nWL@??(\@? @?? # XhNV"@? ?? XhNV"@? #@???*0!d#@??&@L@??#,u @??? !pÛ @?(\@#P p @???  @??$P`˾@???%L@?L?#"r^x??&'Hydropneumatic cylinder@'Suspension travel all 120mm at the wheels, except Xm+500kg'diameter_front,'mm ^Pressure at rest 'V_static 'V_static'total V_static 'Force'Spring Constant'Eigen Frequency"'Eigen Frequency 'diameter_rear F 'mm; 'membrane size. this is a bit of a gamble. use at will 'Max suspension 'remaining 'resulting pressure 'at rest 'at max travel 'Force difference 'Eq K 'using Eqv K "'using Eqv K !'center !'mass !'arm !'cyl A! 833333?!'Moelleux !'Ferme!'travel [mm] !'volume !'Moelleux !'Ferme!'Moelleux !'Ferme!'Moelleux !'Ferme!'Moelleux !'Ferme!'Moelleux !'Ferme!'Moelleux ! 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